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101.
Raman phonon spectroscopy has been used to study photodimerization reaction inp-chloro cinnamic acid (pCCA) crystal. The β-form of the crystal yields the 4,4′-dichloro-β-truxinic acid dimer. Six distinct low frequency phonon
bands are observed in thepCCA monomer crystal. On reaction progress, these bands show a monotonic shift to lower frequencies and broaden out. Finally,
in the dimer crystal the phonon spectrum shows two weak broad bands. These results suggest that the reaction is homogeneous
in the initial stages and, as the product concentration increases, the lattice becomes highly disordered. The reactant and
the product were characterised by infrared and Raman spectroscopy. The disappearance of aliphatic C=C bond stretching vibration
and appearance of cyclobutane ring deformation and cyclobutane ring-breathing vibrations on reaction confirm photodimerization
by cyclobutane ring formation. The large Stoke's shift between the absorption and emission band suggest strong exciton-phonon
coupling in the monomer lattice. This reaction seems to be phonon-mediated. 相似文献
102.
The application of solid layer crystallization techniques in industry is arousing ever more interest. One reason is the increasing demand for ultrapure products, and another is the energysaving potential of this separation technology.This article examines solid layer melt crystallization as concerns its purification efficiency. The crystallization process was carried out in two different modes, whereby the process parameters were varied and post-crystallization treatments were additionally applied. The experimental results were used as the basis for a mathematical fit of a semi-empirical expression which predicts the purification efficiency. It was used for a design of different multistage plants, which operate with different crystallization strategies. One result is that a comparable product quality is attainable with a simple process technique in combination with post-crystallization treatments, instead of a more complicated and therefore more expensive process technique.The authors wish to acknowledge support by the EU (JOULE program), which helped attainment of some results presented here. 相似文献
103.
104.
Romm F 《Advances in colloid and interface science》2002,95(1):73-82
In this review, existing theoretical models of vibrational phenomena in liquids are analyzed and compared. Most attention is paid to sonoluminescence, sonolysis and related phenomena. The criteria of selection of the optimal theoretical model involve analyzing experimental results, its usefulness for evaluation of thermodynamic and other parameters of the liquid under vibration, simplicity of the mathematical solution and the time needed for computing. It is concluded that, according to these criteria, the optimal (between existing models) is the chemical model of vibration in liquid, while the best perspectives are for its combinations with other models. 相似文献
105.
应用电喷雾(ESI)质谱及其多级串联质谱(MS~n)技术研究了三个氨基酸衍 生物N-(N-亚甲基-2-吡咯烷酮)-缬氨酸(PMV),N,N-二-(N-亚甲基-2-吡咯烷 酮)-亮氨酸(PML)和N,N-二-(N-亚甲基-2-吡咯烷酮)-β-丙氨酸(PMA)在电 喷雾条件下的质谱行为。在此条件下三个氨基酸衍生物PMV,PML和PMA可以质子化 形式PMVH~+,PMLH~+和PMAH~+存在,并且检测到它们的Na~+和K~+的加合物。在电 喷雾条件下PMV,PML和PMA优先采取C-N键的断裂,并且通过分子间的氢键作用形成 了许多二聚和三聚物种。 相似文献
106.
Circular high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) has been used to differentiate a series of twelve tricyclic neuroleptics, using both normal phase and reverse phase procedures. The use of normal phase systems also allows the resolution of geometric isomers of chlorprothixene, clopenthixol and flupenthixol. Thirteen sulphonamides and Trirnethoprim may also be distinguished using HPTLC. 相似文献
107.
We provide a quick elementary solution of the mean spherical model in a random external field. This also allows an immediate proof of the self-averaging property of the free energy. We calculate the free energy by means of the replica method, i.e., for any (not necessarily integer) replica numbern, and show that when a phase transition occurs the limits
andn 0 are not interchangeable. 相似文献
108.
Two types of directional couplers for transverse electric (TE) modes are described: short and multihole couplers, respectively. They selectively pick one mode out of a mode mixture in an overmoded circular waveguide system. Unwanted modes are either statistically kept at low level or are suppressed by destructive interference in the coupling waveguide. Mode selectivity and directivity in multihole couplers oscillate up and down with an increasing number of holes, finally reaching a minimum of approximately 20 dB, unless there are competing modes with rational fractions of the beat wavelength. A multihole coupler for the TE02 mode (28 GHz, 63.4 mm waveguide diameter, 41 holes) and a length of 1.6 m shows a calculated directivity of 68 dB and suppresses the unwanted modes TE01 with 34 dB (24 dB), TE22 with 37 dB (45 dB), and further modes TEm (<5, m<6) with 17 dB to 34 dB in forward direction (figures in parentheses are for unwanted modes propagating in backward direction).A short directional coupler for the TE01 mode (28 GHz, 63.4 mm waveguide diameter) with 16 holes and a length of 230 mm shows a directivity of 55 to 100 dB between 27.9 and 28.1 GHz, suppressing the TE02 mode with 35 to 80 dB, the TE03 mode with 30 to 65 dB, and the TE22 mode with 30 to 70 dB. 相似文献
109.
HUANG Xi-He SHENG Tian-Lu XIANG Sheng-Chang FU Rui-Biao HU Sheng-Min LI Ya-Min WU Xin-Tao ② 《结构化学》2007,26(3):333-337
The hydrothermal reaction of 1,2-dicyanobenzene with NaN3 in the presence of Cd(NO3)2 affords a novel 2D cadmium tetrazolyl-benzoate,{Cd(tzbz)(H2O)}n (H2tzbz is 2-(5-tetrazolyl)-benzoate). The tzbz ligand is generated in situ through the 2+3 Sharpless cycloaddition reaction and hydrolyzation. Its crystal structure was determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction method. The crystal crystallizes in the orthorhombic system,space group Pbca with a=9.6659(19),b=7.6366(15),c=25.964(5) ,V=1916.5(7) 3,Z=8,Mr=318.57,Dc= 2.208 g/cm3,F(000)=1232 and μ=2.276 mm-1. The Cd(Ⅱ) atom is coordinated by four tzbz ligands and one water molecule to form a severely distorted pentangle bipyramid. While each tzbz ligand connects to four Cd(Ⅱ) atoms in a μ4-η1,η2,η1,η1,η1 coordination mode to construct a 2D architecture of the title complex. Additionally,the title complex exhibits strong fluorescence at room temperature in the solid state. 相似文献
110.
The interaction of pinacyanol chloride(PC) with nucleic acids has been investigated by a series of experiments.Extensive hypochromism,appreciable peak shifts,isosbestic points and new peaks of the product of binding to nucleic acids in the spectra were observed.They showed that the interaction between PC and nucleic acids occurred.The results from absorption spectra of DNA,DNA melting,electrophoresis and fluorescence polarization studies have indicated that PC binds to DNA in nonintercalative way.Consistent with the nonintercalation,the studies of fluorescence titration and absorption titration specified that the binding of PC to nucleic acids occurred by an outside stacking binding,in which nucleic acids served for acting templates,The fact that the new absorption peaks of bound PC at ca,485nm are just close to the absorption bands of Haggregate of PC at high concentrations without DNA further supports the outside stacking binding mode,In addition,other evidence indicated that the interaction between PC and nucleic acids is not purely electrostatic. 相似文献